the land

The Land:

Smith Rock was formed around 30 million years ago by volcanic activity and erosion, shaping its iconic rock formations which are composed of volcanic tuff and basalt. Erosion by the Crooked River and weathering have sculpted the dramatic rock formations seen today. Layers of ash and debris from volcanic eruptions were compacted over millions of years, forming solid rock and subsequent erosion by wind and water sculpted the rock into spires, cliffs, and arches, creating the park's iconic landscape.

The park sits near the intersection of several fault lines, contributing to the geological diversity of the area. Faulting and uplift have exposed layers of rock, providing insight into the region's geological history. Visitors can observe visible signs of faulting, such as fractures and displacement along rock layers.

Rock Climbing Legacy

Smith Rock is renowned worldwide as a premier rock climbing destination, attracting climbers of all skill levels. Pioneering climbers in the 20th century established many of the park's iconic routes, contributing to its reputation as a mecca for rock climbing enthusiasts. The park continues to be a testing ground for cutting-edge climbing techniques and equipment.

Ecological Restoration Efforts

Park management implements ongoing efforts to restore and preserve the natural ecosystems of Smith Rock. Restoration projects focus on removing invasive species, restoring riparian areas, and promoting native plant diversity. Visitors can learn about volunteer opportunities and initiatives to support conservation efforts in the park. Each year, the Smith Rock Group brings hundreds of volunteers to the park for trail maintenance and restoration work.